French citizens are eligible to apply for the E‑2 Treaty Investor visa, a United States non-immigrant visa that allows qualified individuals to live in the U.S. while investing in and managing a real U.S. business. It is renewable and requires the applicant to take an active role in daily operations.
Entrepreneurial Mobility
Many French entrepreneurs are already familiar with cross-border business, whether through the European Union, Francophone markets, or international partnerships. For those seeking to expand into the U.S., the E‑2 visa offers a clear legal structure to establish a physical presence, manage operations directly, and grow within the U.S. market. The visa’s active ownership requirement aligns well with entrepreneurs used to hands-on business development.
Who Can Apply
To qualify for the E‑2 visa, an applicant must:
- Be a French citizen
- Make a substantial investment in a real, active U.S. business
- Own at least 50 percent or have operational control
- Demonstrate that the business will generate income and support U.S. jobs
- Intend to leave the U.S. once their visa status ends
Passive investments, such as undeveloped land or stock holdings, do not qualify. The business must be operational and structured to support ongoing activity.
How to Apply
- Invest in or start a qualifying U.S. business
- Complete Form DS‑160 online
- Schedule an interview at the U.S. Embassy in Paris
- Submit documentation showing the source of funds, business details, and operational readiness
Applicants may also be required to submit Form DS‑156E, which outlines the business structure and the applicant’s role.
Visa Duration and Family Members
French citizens are typically issued E‑2 visas for up to 48 months at a time, based on U.S. visa reciprocity terms. The visa can be renewed indefinitely as long as the business continues to meet eligibility criteria. Spouses and children under 21 may apply as dependents. The spouse of an E‑2 visa holder may also request work authorization in the United States. Children may attend school but are not eligible for work.